More than 230 advertising and public relations agencies are helping to greenwash the fossil fuels industry at the mounting expense of human health and the planet, a new report reveals.

Researchers have found that climate scenarios published by oil companies often lack sufficient scope in terms of emissions accounted for, timeframes and data transparency.

Most of the capex rises that have been announced this year will go to hydrocarbon rather than renewables investments.

Lower valuations for green companies are creating opportunities for oil and gas companies to fulfil transition objectives through acquisition. Purchases are on the rise.

Inflationary pressures are making investment in low carbon solutions more expensive, while ESG concerns mean many O&G companies are also avoiding an increase in hydrocarbon investment.

Various types of investors are pulling back from shale and broader oil and gas investments, but there are questions over how the trend will continue to play out.