Refining

Oil refineries, gas export terminals, and pipelines have been damaged by missile strikes in the Israel-Iran conflict. War in the Middle East could spread chaos and volatility.

A $3bn Afreximbank oil financing programme boosts African refining capacity and energy independence, but raises concerns over the continent’s alignment with global climate goals and energy transition efforts.

Ghana’s recently announced $12 billion petroleum hub project aims to transform its energy sector but environmental concerns are rife.

Following the launch of the Dangote Refinery, aimed at making Nigeria become a petroleum exporter, experts have raised concerns over possible drawbacks on net zero goals and its environmental impact on residents.

The Nigerian president has announced new oil refining and exploration projects despite climate pledges made at COP27.